Citizens {alien, foreigner}| of one country living in another country deserve protection under host-country laws. Aliens can receive reparations from host country, after exhausting all local remedies. England and USA require that their citizens always have basic rights, wherever they are. Calvo Doctrine is in Latin America.
Foreign-country soldiers {armed forces}| stationed in host country are units of foreign state but must obey local laws. Countries can prosecute or judge such armed forces only with foreign-state consent as defined in treaties.
In Latin-American countries, aliens have no protection under international law and are like nationals under local laws {Calvo Doctrine} {Calvo clause}.
Citizens can only ask their governments to request reparations {compensation, reparations}| from other governments. Compensation basis is supposedly offended government dignity.
Private international-law rules can depend on permanent residence location {domicile}|. Domicile rules caused USA and England not to accede to some private-international-law treaties.
People or objects can be on a state's land but not completely under that state's jurisdiction {extraterritoriality}|, through immunity grants. Ambassadors have immunity.
6-Law-National-International Law
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Date Modified: 2022.0225